Drug Dependence is a Condition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medication Dependence is a Condition - Essay Example Various sorts of medications have various instruments of activity. Contingent upon the kind of medication and the structure in which it is directed can cause a wide scope of variety of side effects. Practically all medications, in any case, connect with the dopaminergic reward framework. Dopamine is a synapse which is regularly a joy creating concoction. Medications can either go about as agonists or foes on receptors, which sway the emission of this compensating synthetic. Accordingly, medicate clients utilize this so as to accomplish the rapture. In the end, it takes increasingly more of the medication so as to accomplish a similar degree of elation. This is the start of compulsion. For medicate clients who have been utilizing for a considerable length of time, this fixation becomes life basic to the point that it has changed their physiology and if they somehow happened to quit utilizing, it would bring about death. In this way this compulsion moves from turning into a criminal ex pectation to an ailment. For instance, methamphetamines are an incredibly ground-breaking drug, which can prompt the synthetic enslavement as referenced previously. The withdrawal manifestations can have extreme physiological indications just as lead to death because of the absence of prescription. This lead to the creation of a medication known as methadone, which is a pharmaceutical which can keep the symptoms from methamphetamine happening, yet itself is compelling. Also, the war on drugs has been happening for a long time, yet unlawful medications despite everything are being utilized will even now advance onto the roads. For whatever length of time that there are purchasers and venders, the medication exchanges and cartels will keep on existing as they discover better and increasingly secretive methods of starting their medication exchanges.

My reaction to Dante’s Inferno Essay

While I was thinking back through all the freewrites I had expounded on Dante’s The Divine Comedy I understood the amount I had truly advanced in my comprehension of the sonnet itself, and in doing so had truly been given a totally different view on religion and otherworldliness. The freewrite that demonstrated this development to me the most was the second one we had composed subsequent to perusing Canto’s III and IV. I had a fairly solid response to the thoughts introduced to me inside those areas that managed the idea of Limbo. That response welcomed on to some degree a domino impact, raising considerably bigger issues for me that had to do with my perspectives on Christianity and the presumptions I made about it. Through further perusing and class conversations I had the option to begin looking The Divine Comedy with an entirely different edge, permitting me to get a handle on Dante’s message of being answerable for your activities so you can be in charge of your own destiny. Limbo was having neither rhyme nor reason to me. I was unable to appreciate how God could let these commendable spirits, particularly Virgil, not go up to paradise as a result of specific details that were outside their ability to control, for example, not living in a period of Christianity or living in a culture that was not Christian. Or on the other hand being held up in light of something as little as not being absolved. It appeared to be so discretionary to me that God could get so hung up on these subtleties and rebuff those spirits by not allowing them to go to paradise despite the fact that they appeared to merit it. I am truly not strict by any stretch of the imagination, and I have my very own great deal sees about life following death and God. Understanding that my qualities are most likely not quite the same as the normal Christian, I received what I consider as the â€Å"normal† Christian view when I go into whatever manages religion. That see, to be oversimplified about it, is that we experience life, and when we kick the bucket, God either compensates or rebuffs us for the existence we drove by sending us to paradise or hellfire. So when I started perusing The Divine Comedy, I was attempting to apply that excessively oversimplified view to the sonnet, and it prompted a ton of disarray for me. I needed to beat my presumption that God was the judgemental ruler and determiner of all things and understand that Dante needs us to comprehend that we have all the authority over our destiny since we have the ability to pick directly from wrong in any circumstance. In this sonnet, it’s a matter of making the rightâ decisions and doing the correct things to lead an existence of God, or its deciding to do an inappropriate thing, thusly giving your self a shocking presence. Dante gives us that God is everlastingly lenient and tolerating of us. In this way the individuals we see enduring so unpleasantly all through the Inferno have settled on the choice to be there. None of them ever request to get out. They are truly as yet deciding to be in damnation since they won't see the wickedness in their choices. You can’t feel frustrated about any of them along these lines. It gives it a specific degree of deservidness when you read of the considerable number of torments going on in the Inferno. That I think truly clarifies the possibility of contrapasso. You get what you merit. This is found in each degree of heck, it is the thing that the Inferno depends on, it is the physical discipline that fits the transgression. Like in the seventh hover, for instance, dictators and killers are submerged in a bubbling waterway of blood. Or on the other hand in the primary ring of the ninth circle, double crossers are inundated in ice with their heads twisted down. Dante feels that they decided to sin, and now they are paying for it. They decide to be there by not perceiving their duty to make the best decision. I think it is extremely difficult for anybody to find out about the enduring in hellfire and not feel some compassion toward the individuals who are experiencing it, regardless of whether they are picking it or not. I figure it ought to be comprehended that Dante was not being exacting about everything. Contrapasso is something that I believe should be to some degree diverting to consider and can make some satisfying mental pictures for one’s creative mind, however to have individuals really enduring I think it feels somewhat cruel. Hellfire in The Divine Comedy I believe is chiefly utilized for symbolic purposes, and contrapasso achieves that. He was composing a sonnet, an engaging one at that, and I profoundly question he was attempting to give us what the hereafter was truly similar to. What I do think he was attempting to do was reveal to us that we have the ability to pick directly from wrong, and dependent on that we can choose our own destiny. I feel that anybody can di scover some solice in that thought, regardless of whether you are Christian or not. Limbo is still presumably the hardest idea for me to acknowledge, however I do realize that before I just idea it was extremely vile of God to hold backâ worthy individuals, while now I comprehend that it is actually more muddled then that. In light of how every other degree of damnation functions in The Divine Comedy, I may state that God truly doesn’t have a lot to do with keeping them there, it has more to do with them keeping themselves there. Or on the other hand maybe Limbo is only a special case to that standard. It’s difficult to state. In any case, by acknowledging how shortsighted I thought the â€Å"normal† Christian view was, I think I’ve increased a great deal in understanding that the perspectives on Christianity can be found in a large number of ways. It would absolutely be unreasonable of me to keep on expecting I know how anybody, Christian or not, sees existence in the wake of death and God.

Strategic Management of Tesla Motors †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Strategic Management of Tesla Motors Company. Answer: Presentation The report gives a short review of the Tesla Motors Company and its outer examination and interior investigation. The outside examination of the organization incorporates industry contenders, general condition and openings and dangers of Tesla though inside investigation incorporates assets and capacities data. Further insights concerning the undertaking examined beneath: Outer Analysis Watchmen 5 powers The organization has moderate risk of new contestants in the market as there is high capital interest in the vehicle business and no or not many economies of scale because of low creation in volume. Aside from that, so as to exceed expectations around here, the associations master needs to have ideal information and experience about the items which all organizations are unable to have (Tansel 2015). In this manner to which the organization appreciates the force because of low risk of new section. Moderate purchasers power in the business shows that the degree of rivalry in the business makes a moderate decision for the shoppers as far as value, structure and usefulness. Further this force is probably going to increment with the expansion in offer of electronic vehicles. Providers power in the business is high as organizations creating electronic vehicles are exceptionally reliant on Tesla (Tansel 2015). Danger of substitutes is moderate as there are both cross breed and elective fuel vehicles present in the business. As the clients present in the business are exceptionally value touchy and will quickly switch on the off chance that they don't discover the item unique as indicated by their desires. Present chances and dangers of Tesla Motors Openings As transient government bolsters the organization in shopper motivators and innovative work in light of electronic vehicles industry development stage. Additionally increment is oil and gas costs will likewise build the interest of the results of Tesla in the business. As the organization produces electronic vehicles which runs without oil and gas because of which with increment in oil costs individuals will purchase more EV (Liu, et. al., 2014). Dangers The greatest risk to the organization is with respect to the uncertainty in the psyche of clients in regards to the value, plan and its unwavering quality on the electronic vehicles. as individuals regularly depend on vehicles which run on oil so the organization faces a danger in providing the EV because of less interest and disarray in the brain of clients. Likewise the business is associated with mechanical execution in the item so the organization faces trouble in coordinating to the headway present in the business. Additionally ordinarily the advancement impacts adversely on the fulfillment of clients. Ultimately, absence of worldwide charging framework goes about as a downside for the EV of the organization (Birk 2015). Along these lines, it is a danger which can lessen the development of the organization present in the objective market. Serious condition Contenders present in the business are high, as there are numerous different well known firms are occupied with creating electronic vehicles in the nation. Future it will be noticed that future competition is probably going to increment with the execution of imaginative innovation driven procedure in organizations. Portage, Honda and so on are the principle contenders of the organization present in the market. Inner Analysis Discussing inward examination it will be noticed that the assets and abilities of Tesla engines helps the organization in satisfying the center skills of the association. Teslas center competency is to improve the engine inverter and batteries. Permitting the drive impetus innovation and bundled battery framework is another center competency for Tesla. So as to satisfy the center skills the organization utilized the powertrain innovation and financing capacities to accomplish the objective. The immaterial assets of the organization incorporate its generosity and creative innovation while substantial assets incorporate stores of the organization put resources into improving the pieces of the vehicles (Linxweiler 2017). Worth Chain Analysis Essential exercises The organization claims and works two assembling plants in California and Nevada. Discussing flexibly chain, the organization has 350 providers sourcing their items globally and a few in-house specialists who screen and keep up the quality principles and protected innovation. Tasks: the activities are directed with high level of unwavering quality for the plan and nature of item present in the market. Dispersion: the organization straightforwardly appropriates their item to the online stores. Further tesla advance program drove the clients resale their vehicles to tesla at a sensible worth (Hill 2013). Advertising and deals: the key showcasing goal of the organization is to amplify the interest of the organization and drive the clients to purchase innovation driven items. Additionally constructing long haul brand mindfulness is one of the destinations of the organization. Administrations: the organization pays weight on the fulfillment level of clients because of which they utilized portable experts (Tesla Ranger) organization possessed assistance Center (administration in addition to) to understand the inquiries of clients. Supporting exercises The organization is concentrating on acquisition of item since 2010. They built up the Model X which planned to start deal from Model S. The organization vigorously depended on innovation and its advancement coming about to which they teamed up with experts to make a distinguished item. As of now Tesla is utilizing around 6000 workers in excess of 100 urban areas. Likewise the organization keeps on enlisting new gifts to help the development plan of Tesla (Ross 2014). The general organization of tesla incorporates work force and offices cost. It incorporates deals and showcasing exercises, fund, HRM, IT and so on exercises. Qualities of Tesla Elite electronic vehicle foundation is the greatest quality of tesla which empowers the development of the organization. Additionally low showcasing cost encourages the organization to spare assets to make innovative headway in their items (Radius, 2017). Elevated level of classification encourages Tesla to develop in the objective market without giving the contenders a trace of their future systems. Shortcoming of Tesla The organization faces trouble in holding benefits because of generous increment in innovative work consumption. This is likewise one of the explanation because of which the organization faces misfortune in the market. End Along these lines, it will be noticed that Tesla engines is picking up the serious edge by making mechanical incentive in their item. Likewise Tesla faces troublesomely in dealing with the inventive innovation too. References Birk, D., 2015. Tesla Motors, Inc. Market Analysis and Definition. Slope, J, 2013. electronic vehicle deal expected to develop all around to 1.8 miilion by 2023. Seen on November 6, 2017 from https://cleantechnica.com/2014/08/12/electric-vehicle-deals expected-develop all inclusive 1-8-million-2023/ Linxweiler, J.A., 2017. Touchy Analysis of Tesla Motors, Inc. Liu, R., Wang, H., Xue, J., Xu, X. also, Xie, Y., 2014. Capital structure investigation of Tesla Motors, Inc. Sweep, 2017. Tesla Motors: accomplishing greatness and advancement abroad. Seen on November 6, 2017 from https://www.radiusworldwide.com/information/contextual investigations/contextual analysis tesla-engines Ross, P. 2014. Tesla explore financial plan: spending as quick as could be expected under the circumstances. Seen on November 6, 2017 from https://spectrum.ieee.org/vehicles that-think/transportation/propelled vehicles/teslas-look into financial plan spending-as-quick as could reasonably be expected and something worth being thankful for as well Tansel, A.K., 2015. Examination of Tesla Motors Marketing Communications Strategy. Tansel, A.K., 2015. Advertising Report on Tesla Motors.

How You Can Use College Placement Essay Samples To Get Credit For Your Writing

How You Can Use College Placement Essay Samples To Get Credit For Your WritingIf you are looking for college placement essay samples, there are quite a few options available to you. Since so many students are trying to get college credit for their work, there are many courses that require students to write essays. Fortunately, the amount of essay writing courses is constantly increasing so it is likely that you will be able to find a course or tutorial that would fit your needs.If you have already completed an essay but not submitted it yet, you may want to consider sending a cover letter and perhaps a resume along with the essay. The cover letter should include the student's name, an email address and perhaps a telephone number. The resume is really just needed if the student intends to go on to higher education. It can help to give you a brief description of the student's background so that you will be more prepared for him/her when he/she is finally answering the questions.These e ssays are essentially your final exam and the purpose of them is to evaluate whether the student's work would enhance his/her school's teaching. Of course, since this is a major factor in which courses you will likely need to take, you may want to select a course that has a history of these assignments. This will make your life easier since you know you have what it takes to earn college credit for your work.One of the first things you need to do is to decide on how you are going to use the placement essay samples you find. While it may not seem that important now, it is something that you are going to have to remember if you are going to take the time to complete your coursework. The point of these essays is to determine whether or not you can demonstrate that you have the necessary skills to handle teaching responsibilities. The level of difficulty of your essay will also determine the amount of work that you will need to do to make sure you are getting as much information out of it as possible.If you are going to hire a school or tutor to complete your assignment, then they should have great recommendations on where to find college placement essay samples. Ideally, you should be able to find a teacher or other staff member who is familiar with the materials that you will need to use in order to pass your placement test. The best way to get them to recommend a course or tutorial is to call the school and ask how they find placement essay samples. In addition, you should call your local college counseling office and inquire about what they offer in terms of the preparation you will need for your placement exam. It is very important that you are prepared before you go on that date so make sure you know exactly what you need to have done.The next thing you will want to do is to write your essay. It is very important that you keep all of the instructions that you receive from the school in mind. These are often contained in essays that accompany the course sylla bus so keep your eyes open for that information.In the end, you will find that the essay writing course that you select to write your final report for you will not only be fun, but very important. This is one of the many steps you need to take to make sure that you get college credit for your work. With many different courses offered all over the country, you are sure to find one that would be perfect for you.

The Friday That Changed My Life - 970 Words

The Monday that Changed My Life That Monday I found my dream! It was an unforgettable day during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. Before that Monday, I had some vague idea of a career in health promotion. Then I met Lal, a Bhutanese refugee who had spent almost 20 years in the refugee camps of Nepal. That Monday, the vague idea blossomed into a firm desire to advocate for vulnerable populations such as refugees, displaced persons, victims of human trafficking, and more. Individuals such as Lal should not get lost in the chaos of conflict, or stymied by systemic barriers everywhere, including their place of safety. When I sat down with Lal in my cubicle in the darkest corner of the office, little did I know that I was about to begin one of the most emotionally intense and empowering conversations of my career. Lal was my first refugee client at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), a humanitarian aid organization that re settles refugees in the U.S., where I had started my internship in Public Health. My role as a Public Health Intern was to support and assist refugees in navigating the intricacies of healthcare and other social services as they walked their road to self-sufficiency and assimilation into a new culture. It was Monday, and the Health Team had walk-in hours for individuals who needed assistance. I introduced myself to Lal with my biggest smile and greeting in Nepali: Namaste. As nervous asShow MoreRelatedThe Friday That Changed My Life908 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life That Monday I had found my dream! It was during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. 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I saw an opportunity to improve health equity by addressing the barriers that cause healthRead MoreThe Friday That Changed My Life982 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life When I sat down with Lal in my cubicle chair in the darkest corner of the office, little did I know that it was going to be one of my very first emotionally intense and empowering conversations of my career. Lal was my first refugee client at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), a humanitarian aid organization that resettles refugees, where I had started my internship in Public Health. My role as a Public Health Intern was to support and assist refugees to navigateRead MoreThe Friday That Changed My Life976 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life That Monday I found my dream! It was the unforgettable day during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. Before that Monday, I had some vague idea of a career in health promotion. 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After examining the drastic differencesRead MoreHamlets Blackberry : Building A Good Life1129 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 3 In the New York Times Bestselling book, â€Å"hamlet’s Blackberry: Building a Good Life in the Digital Age, The author William Powers discusses the good and bad aspects of technology. In Chapter 9, Inventing Your Life, Powers discusses ways to wean yourself off the dependency we all have on technology. One of the ideas for improving digital life that seemed like t would work was â€Å"no-email Fridays.† No-email Fridays seemed so interesting because it is so simple and such a great concept. This was workingRead MoreWishful Thinking Meets Reality : Rhetorical Analysis964 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis Everyone can relate to a time in their life when they desired a â€Å"picture-perfect† life with lots of friends and all the material things they could wish for themselves. However, they realize that maybe the â€Å"picture-perfect† life isn’t what they expected once it becomes reality. In the films Freaky Friday and 13 Going on 30, the audience follows the lives of the protagonists as they face their wishes to have a â€Å"better life†. Throughout the essay, we will examine the audiencesRead MoreThe Journey of Robinson Crusoe 1213 Words   |  5 PagesRobinson Crusoe, famous adventure novel, portrays the eventful life of main protagonist Robinson Crusoe. Author, Daniel Defoe depicts his diverse set of characters with purpose in Robinson Crusoe. Crusoe narrates his journey, and how he established himself with wealth. Crusoe, the youngest son of a merchant, knew he must acquire his own wealth in order to full-fill his Englishman desires. His father encourages him to study law, but Crusoe wishes to go out to the sea. His father is against Crusoe’s

Fashion by Anna Mowatt - 1089 Words

In the 19th century play, FASHION, Anna Mowatt develops the character plot as a contrast and comparison between being â€Å"natural† and â€Å"artificial in a world becoming preoccupied with fashion, and being fashionable. In the head notes, it was stated that Daniel Havens said FASHION is â€Å"the ugly image of the American Dream gone sour.† (Watt and Richardson) Fashion has a complex definition. The word ‘fashion’ can mean anything from the type of clothes you wear, how you communicate with others, the place you live, how you present yourself, or who you associate yourself with. In FASHION, Mowatt took a comical yet sober look at the definitions of â€Å"fashion,† applied it to real life in 1845, and through her characters, provides a mirror with which an†¦show more content†¦In a present day version of FASHION, Zeke could easily be portrayed as a friend who often visits the Tiffany’s. Alternatively, he could also be an employee of theirs as a handyman, or plumber, etc. This would provide a current day perspective of the poorer economic class of Zeke’s character. Moral Character – Living in the country or the city?: There are certainly differences of opinion whether it is better to live in the City or in the Country. In FASHION, it was very evident that Mowatt’s character, ‘Trueman’ was an advocate proclaiming that living in the country keeps the morals and values of America pure and untainted. Near the end of the play, Trueman tells Mr. Tiffany, â€Å"You must sell your house and all these gew gaws, and bundle your wife and daughter off to the country. There let them learn economy, true independence, and home virtues, instead of foreign follies.† In the case of Mrs. Tiffany and Seraphina, this antidote was truly what they needed. This does not make it true for everyone. I am sure many feel this way about city life vs. country life today. However, there are pros and cons to both; neither life guarantees economy, independence virtue, honor, or a happier existence. Therefore, I do not believe there is a clear cut solution to whether one life is more coveted than the other. Some believe that living in the country is better because you are not exposed to the â€Å"fast† life that city dwelling has to offer. Many believe country life has lessShow MoreRelatedEssay about How Anna Cora Mowatt Fashioned Her Fashion714 Words   |  3 Pages Ms. Anna Cora Mowatt is an inspiring theatrical and historical figure. She fell in love with the theatre at a young age and exhibited a talent for acting. Moreover, Mowatt’s fame flourished due to her play and literature publications, not just from than from her acting abilities. Anna Cora Ogden was born on March 5, 1819 in Bordeaux, France to American parents. She and her family moved to New York City when she was seven years old. Anna married James Mowatt, a lawyer who was several years her senior

Medication Management-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Identifies Strategies to overcome Challenges in regard to Safe Medication Management. Answer: Medication management can be defined, as a patient specific care to optimize effective, safe and suitable drug therapy. A patient is provided with care, with the collaborative action of a multidisciplinary team. Registered nurses (RNs) are one of the important members of the multidisciplinary team that influence a safer management of medications. As a new graduate nurse I have received elementary knowledge about medication management through our entire nursing program, yet I have faced with several new challenges while making a transition from the university ambience to a clinical setting (Cheragi et al., 2013). As a nurse I should be able to apply my knowledge about the patient and the medications. The process of nursing is not a very linear process. A continuous assessment is being done at all the stages of the medication management (Mirbahaet al., 2015). Newly graduate nurses are inexperienced; hence, it can be difficult for them to monitor the medication protocol of a patient. Apart from the types of drugs that have to be delivered, the correct method of drug administration also plays a pivotal role in patient's safety. Nurses play a very significant responsibility in the prevention of the medication errors. Most of the time, this is caused due to the clinical personnel failing to do his duty correctly (Cheragi et al., 2013). Some of the common medication errors that can, be caused by the registered nurses are omissions, administering wrong drugs or wrong dosage of drugs, improper methods of delivery and wrong prescriptions. It has to be noted that the work load, the responsibilities in a proper clinical setting is far more than the student workload, exams, and placements, which can be some of the main causes of medication errors (Keers et al., 2013). Newly graduated nurses are encountered with problems like lack of pharmacological information, lack of monitoring of the pre- administered drugs. I have come across one of my peers, who forgot to find out his tory of the adverse drug reaction in a concerned patient. When a nurse is undergoing training, the last thing that they are concerned is about the documentations. there are few things that has to be kept in mind while charting for a patient- Proper documentation of the drug administration and the doses, records of any discontinued medications, records about drug allergy (Campbell et al., 2012)(if any). I have grown and have developed skills through my personal experience placement so that I can think, collect and foster a safe medication management. The correct procedures of safe medication administration involve maintenance of an electronic medical record. In my nursing course I have learned that liquid medications are measured by standard measuring containers. Notably, while splitting the tablets, it should be ensured that the medications are scored by the manufacturer and the medication is splitted evenly. According to Campbell et al., (2012), it is important to carry out the some assessments before the application of certain medications. I have learnt that it is necessary to monitor the heart rate before the administration of antidysrhythmic medications. The duty of a nurse does not end with this. It is necessary to monitor the response of the patients to the medications, especially when we are applying the medications for the first time. In my learning career I have also learn ed about the importance of recording the site of injections. For high alert medications, it is essential to double check the doses. The Australian commission on safety and quality in health care (ACSQH) has developed medical charts in order to standardize the medication management and increase medication safety. There are separate medication charts for the paedriatics, aged care and more. I have always tried to keep an eye on these charts in order to develop my pharmacological skills. The NSQHS safety standard 4 for the medication errors in nursing ensures that the nurses safely administer medications to the patients. In order to meet the standard, the frame work proposes that it is essential to document the medication allergies and previous anaphylactic reactions (Flanigan, 2016). I have faced problems related to the administration of the intravenous medicines. In accordance with my problem I would like to share that Ohasi et al., (2014) have proposed that Intravenous application of medications involve a lot of complexities and preparations. The reports by Campbell et al., (2012), shows severe patient harm related to intravenous medications. It was found that most of the intravenous errors are due to the wrong intravenous rates, wrong volume and mixtures and drug incompatibility, previously I faced challenges in the preparation of the intravenous medications. Later on I have learned to check the medication standards provided in the Australian Injectable drugs handbook (AIDH). I should mention that the problems I encountered regarding the IV, during my learning career were much different from those in the actual clinical setting. In order to ensure a safe management of medications, a nurse should undergo extensive research to practice evidence based practice and should have an avid knowledge of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics (Kim Bates, 2013). From the problems, I have realized that it is very important for a nurse to have a foundational knowledge regarding human growth and development, physiology, human anatomy, nutrition and more. Surprisingly, the mathematical skills will probably help one out in the dosage calculations (Ohasi et al., 2014). According to the NMBA standard of nursing, nurses should indulge in critical thinking and clinical judgment while planning the drug dosage (Flanigan, 2016). Another thing that most of the new nurses are encountered with the catheter related medication errors (Kim Bates, 2013). Most of the errors that are caused by nursing students are related to intravenous tubing. Like any other fresh students, I am faced with problems related to the catheter tubes. Reports related to tube catheter misconnection involve a number of devices, such as peripheral intravenous, central venous, peritoneal dialysis). According to Alsulami et al.,(2012), a nurse should be able to support and advocate patient education regarding the adherence to medication regime. I have tried my best to have a transparent knowledge regarding pathophysiology and pharmacology, so that I am able to deliver a proper instructions and knowledge to the patient. One of the important aspects of becoming a successful nurse is self regulation. Medication error can arise due to improper documentation and reporting of the health care errors. Verbal, written or other forms of communication for recording the near misses are one of the crucial initiatives from the side of nurses. I have gained efficiency in preparing ISBAR, clinical handovers. Clinical handover plays a major role in error prevention (Simonsen et al., 2014). A proper clinical handover are intended as the handing over of responsibilities from one health care professional to the other. It helps in mitigating the medication related errors. It helps the person in the next shift to get an overall idea of the patient history and the undergoing medications. In my degree course I have gained knowledge regarding the medication reconciliation of each and every patient. As stated by Haw et al., (2014), medication reconciliation consists of three steps: - First is verification. I have always learned to verify the medication history of the patients, including the current medications, herbal or alternative therapies and more. It is important to get it clarified from the physician charge that all the doses are correct (Simonsen et al., 2014). The RN investigates, disseminate and document any further changes. As a freshly graduate nursing student I may make medication errors, but I should not deter to inform the higher authority regarding my mistake, as we know that medication error can be as lethal as death (Alsulami et al., 2012). An RN should be able to work together with the families, patients and the care providers for ensuring comprehensive and accurate medications. It is required that all the medications of a particular patient are reviewed in order to ensure that appropriate medications are added, changed or stopped (Parry et al., 2015). It is not that everyone should apply for a transition to practice, however they can motivate a nurse to strive more in his professional practice. It is important for ensuring a consistent, transparent and equitable process for the management of transition to practice nurses. This transition to practice can be done in any clinical setting .It helps a nurse to develop her inter professional skills. I am well aware of the fact that medication error may lead to adverse drug reactions, which can bring about life threatening conditions in patients. Since, a collaborative care is not possible as long as I do not make any interaction with the other members of the collaborative team, it is better that I consult with my peer and my senior nurses in case of complicated situations. I should be able to work with the health care agencies for identifying the individual risk factors and implement a proactive measure for decreasing the medication errors Each of these challenges is problematic for a newly graduate nurse. Proper help and guidance from the senior nurses and the peers can help the new nurses for a successful transition in to a new working environment. In conclusion it can be said as a graduate nurse, I can manage the medication challenges by practicing evidence based research work against pharmacology, proper assessment of the patient history and the current conditions, including the vital signs. Other things that I should keep in mind are proper clinical handovers, documentation, using technologies for monitoring and documentation. The nursing frameworks will also help me to overcome my fears. References Alsulami, Z., Choonara, I., Conroy, S. (2014). Paediatric nurses adherence to the double checking process during medication administration in a children's hospital: an observational study. Journal of advanced Nursing, 70(6), 1404-1413. Campbell, R. L., Bellolio, M. F., Knutson, B. D., Bellamkonda, V. R., Fedko, M. G., Nestler, D. M., Hess, E. P. (2015). Epinephrine in anaphylaxis: higher risk of cardiovascular complications and overdose after administration of intravenous bolus epinephrine compared with intramuscular epinephrine. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 3(1), 76-80. Cheragi, M. A., Manoocheri, H., Mohammadnejad, E., Ehsani, S. R. (2013). Types and causes of medication errors from nurse's viewpoint. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 18(3), 228. Flanigan, K. (2016). NSQHS standard-patient identification. ACORN: The Journal of Perioperative Nursing in Australia, 29(1), 23. Haw, C., Stubbs, J., Dickens, G. L. (2014). Barriers to the reporting of medication administration errors and near misses: an interview study of nurses at a psychiatric hospital. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 21(9), 797-805. Keers, R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J., Ashcroft, D. M. (2013). Prevalence and nature of medication administration errors in health care settings: a systematic review of direct observational evidence. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 47(2), 237-256. Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medication administration errors by nurses: adherence to guidelines. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(3-4), 590-598. Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medication administration errors by nurses: adherence to guidelines. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(3-4), 590-598. Mirbaha, F., Shalviri, G., Yazdizadeh, B., Gholami, K., Majdzadeh, R. (2015). Perceived barriers to reporting adverse drug events in hospitals: a qualitative study using theoretical domains framework approach. Implementation Science, 10(1), 110. Ohashi, K., Dalleur, O., Dykes, P. C., Bates, D. W. (2014). Benefits and risks of using smart pumps to reduce medication error rates: a systematic review. Drug safety, 37(12), 1011-1020. Parry, A. M., Barriball, K. L., While, A. E. (2015). Factors contributing to Registered Nurse medication administration error: A narrative review. International journal of nursing studies, 52(1), 403-420. Simonsen, B. O., Daehlin, G. K., Johansson, I., Farup, P. G. (2014). Differences in medication knowledge and risk of errors between graduating nursing students and working registered nurses: comparative study. BMC health services research, 14(1), 580. Weeks, K. W., Hutton, B. M., Young, S., Coben, D., Clochesy, J. M., Pontin, D. (2013). Safety in numbers 2: competency modelling and diagnostic error assessment in medication dosage calculation problem-solving. Nurse education in practice, 13(2), e23-e32.

The Diuretic Activity of Fresh Balloonvine Leaves free essay sample

This study was conducted to know the diuretic activity of the extract of the balloonvine (Cardiospermum halicacabum L. ) leaves. In this study, three groups were used. These includes the positive control group (furosemide 20mg/2ml), experimental group (balloonvine leaves extract), and the control group (water treated). The fresh leaves of balloonvine were extracted by pounding the leaves and then squeezed using a clean cloth. The mice were also weighed to determine the allowable dosage according to its weight. After the preparation of the groups, 3 trials were conducted. In the first trial, furosemide (positive control) has the most volume of urine, followed by the balloonvine leaves extract (experimental group) and the control group, which is the water treated has the least volume of urine. The next two trials have the same results as of trial 1. This means that furosemide is still the best diuretic drug but balloonvine leaves extract can also be used as a substitute since it has excreted more volume of urine than of the water treated group (control group) but not as good as the furosemide do. We will write a custom essay sample on The Diuretic Activity of Fresh Balloonvine Leaves or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The researchers recommend further studies using other parts of the plant and using higher concentration to prove whether balloonvine can be more effective if used in higher dosage and to have more investigation of the plant. Acknowledgment The researchers would like to express their sincere gratitude to those who helped them finished this project. Their parents for the financial support, moral support and understanding. They contributed a lot to finish this project. Mrs. Sharon Meriales for the advices and the help se extended to the group. The Jhing2 printing press for the printing and discounts. In this natural world, lots of efforts were made by the people to achieve a better quality of life and for man’s survival. A lot of people were making alternatives and medicine for the health of the mankind. Plants are commonly used by people to cure many diseases for many years. Nowadays, medicines are very expensive and because of that, the less fortunate ones cannot afford to buy some. Because of that, they can use herbal medicines as an alternative drug. God provided many herbal plants all over the world and Philippines is of no exception. As a matter of fact, Philippines is blessed with many plants that can be use as a treatment for many diseases. Cardiospermum halicabum linn. of family Sapindaceae is also known as balloonvine, heartpea, Love-in-a Puff, Parol-parolan, Lobo-lobohan, Maria-maria, Otot-otot and etc. Balloonvine is found throughout the Philippines in waste places, roadsides, fields and other grassy areas. It is a more or less hairy vine, one to three meters in length. The leaves are trifoliate and five to nine centimeters long. The flowers are small, white and about 2. 5 millimeters long. They contain round black seeds, each with a white heart-shaped spot at the base, hence the name Cardiospemum, cardio for the heart and spermum for seed. Balloonvine, is a woody vine native to Tropical America. The small white flowers bloom from summer through the fall. Flowers are not very showy. The fruit of this plant can also be eaten when it is already yellow orange in color. (http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml) The ballonvine plant yields saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, apigenin, phytosterols, glycosides, and cardiac glycosides. There are health benefits from balloonvine. It is considered antiphlogistic, analgesic, anti-inflammator, anti-infectious, emetic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, laxative, stomachic and sudorific. Since the plant has many uses, the researchers come up with the idea to test the diuretic activity of the extract of the balloonvine leaves as a substitute to synthetic diuretic drugs. As what have the group discussed that this study may give us more knowledge on this certain balloonvine plant. Statement of the Problem The study was conducted to test the diuretic ability of balloonvine leaves. Distinctively, it addressed to the following questions: 1. What is the amount of the collected urine among the different set-up? a. Experimental group b. Positive control group c. Negative control group 2. Is there any significant difference in the efficiency of balloonvine to the commercialize (i. e. furosemide) products as a diuretic drug? 3. Objectives 1. To test whether the balloonvine leaves can really act as a diuretic drug. 2. To know if there is any significant difference in the efficiency of balloonvine to the commercialize products as a diuretic drug. This study dealt with the diuretic activity of the balloonvine leaves extract. It refers to the hypothesis: HO1: There is no significant difference on the effectiveness of the commercial drug and the fresh balloonvine leaves extract. Significance of the Study: This study generally aims to contribute to the popularization of plants as sources of remedies for man and animals. Nowadays, time seems to move faster, the economy are soaring high thus the drugs are becoming more expensive. Hence, the unfortunate ones can use herbal plant like balloonvine as a substitute to synthetic diuretic drugs. Balloonvine is accessible to all since it grows commonly in roadsides. Using this plant, we could also create herbal products that could help individuals in their illness without buying expensive medicines. Scope and Limitations This study was limited only to the determination of the diuretic activity of the fresh balloonvine leaves extract. The positive control used was commercial drug (furosemide) and the negative control was the mice that were just treated with water. Chapter II Review of Related Literature Balloonvine Cardiospermum halicacabum linn or balloonvine are fast growing to 10 feet (3 m) with twice 3-parted leaves that will reach 4 inches (10 cm) long. The plants climb with tendrils and need some form of support. The fruit from which the plant gets its common name is a brown, thin-shelled, inflated angled capsule up to 1 1/8 inch (3 cm) in diameter containing 3 black seeds each, with a white heart-shaped scar. (http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml). Balloonvine,  also called Heart-pea, or Heart-seed, (species Cardiospermum halicacabum), woody perennial vine in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae). It is naturalized and cultivated widely as an ornamental for its white flowers and its nearly globular inflated fruits, which are about 2. 5 cm (1 inch) across. The seeds are black with a heart-shaped white spot. (http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/50726/balloon-vine). This vine is densely growing and can climb up to 8 m high in the canopy. The main mode of climbing is via extensive tendrils, which twirl around supporting structure and other plants. (http://www. dpi. qld. gov. au/4790_7120. htm) The balloonvine has a light green leaves are compound with three sets of three leaflets which are thin and softly hairy. http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml) The flowers are produced from summer to winter. The capsules can be carried by wind and float freely on water. It also regrows from root fragments. It grows rapidly on top of trees, forms a thick curtain of stems, and excludes light, harbors pests and diseases. The weight of balloonvine contributes to canopy collapse and ecosystem destruction. (http:www. weedsbluemountains. org. au/balloon_vine. asp) . The oil of this plant is also used in creams and soap. It is an active ingredient in creams, lotion and soap. It is also used as a cure for dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis. A decoction of roots of balloonvine is regarded as diaphoretic. It is also indicated that balloonvine contains: saponin, tannin, calcium oxalate in leaves and tannins, calcium oxalate and sulfur in stem. (http:www. suite101. com/content/cardiospermum-halicacabum-a187594). The plant also contains chemicals that can be used as laxative, emmenagogue, analgesic and many more. It also contains saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, apigenin and phytosterols. It may contain chemicals that can be used as a diuretic. http:www. weedsbluemountains. org. au/balloon_vine. asp) The medical uses of the plant are widely used in Thailand. Its Thai name is Khok Kra Om. The leaf is antiasthmatic. Leaf juice can be a cough remedy. Its stem is antipyretic. The Flower or leaf juice of this plant increases menstrual discharge. The whole plant is antiasthmatic; treatment of arthritis Balloon vines leaf extract possesses hypotensive and anti-inflammatory properties.

DEFINITION of Foreign Exchange Market Essays - Free Essays

DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' Essays - Free Essays DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' The market in which participants are able to buy, sell, exchange and speculate on currencies. Foreign exchange markets are made up of banks, commercial companies, central banks, investment management firms, hedge funds, and retail forex brokers and investors. The forex market is considered to be the largest financial market in the world. The foreign exchange market assists international trade and investments by enabling currency conversion. For example, it permits a business in the United States to import goods from the European Union member states, especially Eurozone members, and pay Euros, even though its income is in United States dollars. It also supports direct speculation and evaluation relative to the value of currencies, and the carry trade, speculation based on the interest rate differential between two currencies.[3] In a typical foreign exchange transaction, a party purchases some quantity of one currency by paying for some quantity of another currency. The modern foreign exchange market began forming during the 1970s after three decades of government restrictions on foreign exchange transactions (the Bretton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the world's major industrial states after World War II), when countries gradually switched to floating exchange rates from the previous exchange rate regime, which remained fixed as per the Bretton Woods system. The foreign exchange market is unique because of the following characteristics: its huge trading volume representing the largest asset class in the world leading to high liquidity; its geographical dispersion; its continuous operation: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e., trading from 22:00 GMT on Sunday (Sydney) until 22:00 GMT Friday (New York); the variety of factors that affect exchange rates; the low margins of relative profit compared with other markets of fixed income; and the use of leverage to enhance profit and loss margins and with respect to account size.Advantages The forex market is extremely liquid, hence its rapidly growing popularity. Currencies may be converted when bought or sold without causing too much movement in the price and keeping losses to a minimum. As there is no central bank, trading can take place anywhere in the world and operates on a 24-hour basis apart from weekends. An investor needs only small amounts of capital compared with other investments. Forex trading is outstanding in this regard. It is an unregulated market, meaning that there is no trade commission overseeing transactions and there are no restrictions on trade. In common with futures, forex is traded using a good faith deposit rather than a loan. The interest rate spread is an attractive advantage. Back to top Disadvantages The major risk is that one counterparty fails to deliver the currency involved in a very large transaction. In theory at least, such a failure could bring ruin to the forex market as a whole. Investors need a lot of capital to make good profits because the profit margins on small-scale trades are very low.Functions of the Foreign Exchange Market: The foreign exchange market performs the following important functions: (i) to effect transfer of purchasing power between countries- transfer function; (ii) to provide credit for foreign trade - credit function; and (iii) to furnish facilities for hedging foreign exchange risks - hedging function.Like any other market, foreign exchange market is a system, not a place. The transactions in this market are not confined to only one or few foreign currencies. In fact, there are a large number of foreign currencies which are traded, converted and exchanged in the foreign exchange market. Functions of Foreign Exchange Market: Foreign exchange market performs the following three functions: 1. Transfer Function: It transfers purchasing power between the countries involved in the transaction. This function is performed through credit instruments like bills of foreign exchange, bank drafts and telephonic transfers. 2. Credit Function: It provides credit for foreign trade. Bills of exchange, with maturity period of three months, are generally used for international payments. Credit is required for this period in order to enable the importer to take possession of goods, sell them and obtain money to pay off the bill. 3. Hedging Function: When exporters and importers enter into an agreement to sell and buy goods on some future date at the current prices and exchange rate, it is called hedging. The purpose of hedging is to avoid losses that might be caused due to exchange

Design innovation in pakistan textile Literature review

Design innovation in pakistan textile - Literature review Example The university is committed to interdisciplinary and modern teaching. Its dedication towards diversity is essential an environment where learners, teachers, faculty in addition to other shareholders are exposed to manifold opportunities for personal, intellectual and professional growth. This university which is located in Quetta enrolls 1000 in a single semester. It received its charter on 18th July 2002 and is intended to be one of the best educators in Systems and Management attracting students from across the nation. It is currently offering bachelor and master degrees in Business Administration, Computer Science and Engineering as well as post-graduate diploma in Computer Science. Hajvery University (HU) is a government University whose motto is unveiling the veiled. It is a recognized institute of higher education started in Lahore Pakistan and is licensed by the Pakistan government as an Autonomous Degree awarding Institute. The institute has further started an addition of three campuses in Pakistan and the fourth one is under way in Dubai. It is recognized across the world through associations letting learners and staffs have the advantage of replacing agreements with more than 35 universities. The university enrolls 3,000-3,999 per year and has an exceptional employment records in Pakistan. Beaconhouse National University seeks to offer learners with an immense selection of course and degrees to select from, as per their career interests and personality character. Additionally, it offers broad-based learning whereby learners are exposed to different subject so that to get a better professional understanding of world, therefore preparing student for life opportunities as well as challenges. BNU is a government chartered university having been established in 2003 for bringing education with contemporary, rational,

Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Violence - Essay Example The humans tend to fall in line with overall societal and normative outlook of the society so that they should not appear aliens to the local setup. The individual behaviors remain dependent on others from the beginning. The children are known to be dependent on their parents for fulfillment of their needs and wants. The interdependencies of a society often tend individuals to mold their personal behaviors according to the cultural norms of the community (Butler pp. 17). The community is primarily responsible for providing for the fundamental necessities of life. The societies are famous for exhibiting ruthless and inhumane behaviors towards those who do not conform to the acceptable cultural practices and therefore, they are often denied basic human rights. The human life is always under the profound influence and spell of the society and because of this reason, nobody does not have the full capacity and power to act alone. The sexual life of an individual is considered a very priva te matter of the person but they are informally regulated by the masses. The social constructivism theory states that individuals always observe the collective behavior of the society and attempt to embrace its norms and values. ... The human civilization is made up of communal relations and therefore, the individuals have to demonstrate conformation with societal norms in order to appear legitimate members of the certain community. However, the philosophical minorities initially gather their supporters to form institutions and once these centers are formalized then the followers of the neglected philosophy have the option to practice their beliefs in a controlled environment. The gay and lesbian communities formed centers where people can follow their sexual orientation in an isolated environment. The attempts are being made in order to promote gay and lesbian relations. But, the struggles are not proving to be fruitful in terms of attaining the goals in a short term perspective. The changes will take significantly long period of time in order to become an accepted practice in the culture of developed nations. The cultural norms are considered as the most notable obstacle and hindrance in the way of profound cu ltural acceptability of gay and lesbian relationships. The contemporary marital bonds evolved as people got more and more dissatisfied with conventional marriages. The intra-sex relations were falling apart and both the genders argued that their partners did not understand and respond to their deep seated needs and wants. The intersex relations then became popular because members of the same gender knew the art of pleasing their partners. The growing demand of sex toys is an evident proof that homosexuality is growing in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, it is very much imperative to note that lesbians and gays are famous for acting normal in the public so that they should not end up alienated in the society (Butler pp.20). They are however, famous for seeking their ideal

Police Training Essay Example for Free

Police Training Essay Nowadays professional training is paid more attention as it is one of the best ways to increase job commitment and enhance performance. I think that all police officers should have free access to formal and informal courses, seminars devoted to violent death investigation, interrelations, and criminal laws. The training programs should cover also the principle of supervision and civil liability. Training plays crucial role in today’s police work because training ensures not only organizational efficiency, but also increases effectiveness and productivity of all police departments. It goes without saying that it is hardly possible to except effective work from untrained police officers. Moreover, community doesn’t feel safe if they realize that their police officers aren’t skillful and experienced enough to defend them when necessary. Nevertheless, state funding isn’t enough to solve training dilemma because of lack of money assigned to support training programs. Without money and proper funding it would be difficult to solve the problem. The purpose of training is to promote occupational and professional development of police department through specialized job-related programs. Nevertheless, training differs significantly from education because training is so-called study in the process. Education provides only theoretical background of the particular situations, whereas training develops practical skills and acquirements in real situations. However, I think that training is the second step after education as the officer should firstly realize the aspects of actions and only then should master his skills. Harry More defines training as â€Å"something like an inchoate crime†. He means that training is continuous process and can’t be ever fully accomplished. Training is always a process. Education provides knowledge and training applies it to specific situations. The goals of trainings are: To improve police officer’s performances and job commitment; To develop the sense of responsibility in police officers. It is necessary to underline that training is designed to help individuals to cope better with challenging duties and responsibilities. Simply saying, training helps to perform job better. Training is claimed to be unique because it suggests unity within particular organization. According to More and Miller, modern police training is based on the following philosophical foundations: Positive action is ensured when accompanied by acquired skills and motivation; Learning process depends not only motivation and personal abilities, but also on the instructional methods, behavior of the trainers and the climate within department; Training is considered tripartite responsibility; Training is continuous process requiring constant updating of skills and knowledge. Finally, it is important to document all formal and informal training because it helps to identify what type of training is actually needed. Documenting is defined as task analysis aimed at ensuring the relevance of training. While documenting it becomes possible to identify the tasks performed by the person who holds the position. Also documenting ensures easy assessment of training programs. Tasks analysis helps police officers to determine whether the training program is professional enough to provide skills and knowledge required for particular job. In conclusion it is necessary to note that training develops the following professional skills in police officers: interpersonal communication skills, perception and awareness, decision-making ad critical thinking, adaptability and definitiveness, oral and written communication skills.

The Jacksonian Era Essay -- American History, Politics

Whether people admired Andrew Jackson’s policies and decisions as president or did not; they can all agree that the two most important economic conflicts during the Jacksonian Era were the Bank War conflict and the Specie Circular Panic of 1837. The Jacksonian Era by Remini, should be renamed The Jacksonian Economy because the outcomes of these two conflicts were what made America’s economy today. In describing these two conflicts, Remini showed how Americas learned the hard way of what to do and not do in order to have a successful economy. The Bank War was important because it proved that the nation’s finances could not be trusted in the hands of one man. Jackson believed this to be true and fought to change it. He believed that the Second Bank of the United States was unconstitutional and that it posed a serious threat to the American economy. On the other hand, this American System which was inspired by Alexandria Hamilton, Henry Clay, and lead by Nicholas Bi ddle was meant to modernize the nation’s economy. Both sides of the Bank War would not back down, which lead to Jackson eventually closing down all banks because he believed they were devices to cheat common people. The other most important conflict which played a role in Jacksonina Era was the Panic of 1837. This was the most serious depression the young nation had seen yet. The economy suffered in a number of ways such as large debts, an unfavorable balance of trade as imports had exceeded exports which resulted in a loss of specie; and several crops failures had also taken place in 1837. Both conflict had enormous impacts on America’s economy and had many repercussions. The first important economic conflict that Remini presented was Jackson’s war against the Bank of the... ... passage of the Federal Reserve System. (P-40) Even though the Panic of 1837 had an impact worldwide, overall the Bank Wars had the most influential and long lasting effects on the United States.The Jacksonian Era was a trial and error period for the nation’s economy. Whether people admired Andrew Jackson’s policies and decisions as president or did not; they can all agree that the two most important economic conflicts during the Jacksonian Era were the Bank War conflict and the Specie Circular Panic of 1837. Both conflicts taught a life lesson of what to steer away from in order to achieve the American dream. Remini’s The Jacksonian Era taught economic and financial history by exploring the explanation and causes of the Bank War and Panic of 1837. For without the knowledge of these two conflicts, America would not know how its economy survived in the first place.

Child Sexual Abuse

Child sexual abuse has gained major public attention in the past few decades. Various factors in the recent years have generated a public reaction regarding child sexual abuse, which has become one of the most high-profile crimes. â€Å"At Sifers' jury trial, 14-year-old S. T. testified about Sifers having raped her five years earlier. S. T. described Sifers' disposition the night of the alleged rape as â€Å"upset . . . like he'd been drinking. † RP Vol. I at 24. She recalled Sifers following her into her bedroom, closing the door, and pushing her down on the bed. Sifers then pulled down her pajamas and pushed his penis inside her vagina. Afterwards, he said if she told anybody, he would hurt her, her younger siblings, and her mother. † (State of Washington v. Charles Wayne Sifers) Child sexual abuse — an unwanted, yet common, catch-22 issue that is worldwide and has been for centuries. Each year, well over 300,000 children become victims of this heinous crime against humanity. Child sexual abuse is described as any sexual activity between an adult, adolescent or older child, with a child including such things as fondling of genitals, masturbation, and oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse. It is not solely restricted to physical contact though; such abuse could include non-contact abuse, such as exposure, voyeurism, obscene phone calls, prostitution, and child pornography. The offender can range from a parent, stepparent, sibling, other relative, friend, neighbor, childcare person, teacher, to a stranger. This form of exploitation occurs with children of all ages, in rural, urban and suburban areas and among all ethnic, racial and socioeconomic groups. Since the 1970s, the sexual abuse of children and child molestation has increasingly been recognized as deeply damaging to children and thus unacceptable for society as a whole. While sexual interaction between children and adults has been present throughout history, it has only become the object of significant public attention in recent times. Child sexual abuse has been reported up to 80,000 times a year, but the number of unreported instances is far greater, because the children are afraid to tell anyone what has happened, and the legal procedure for validating an episode is difficult. The long-term emotional and psychological damage of sexual abuse can be devastating to the child. The problem should be identified, and the abuse stopped. That is where child sexual abuse prevention programs come into play. Most child sexual abuse prevention programs focus on teaching children how to lower their risk for becoming a victim of sexual abuse, and increasing their knowledge of potential sexual abuse approaches and encounters. These prevention programs also encourage efficient skills, which can be used in any uncomfortable situation that could lead to sexual abuse. Although child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention programs promote and teach effective skills to use when confronted by an abuser, they do not successfully reduce sexual violence because of the inconsistencies among programs, the lack of knowledge about abusers, and the vulnerability of the victims. CSA prevention programs do not effectively reduce the prevalence of child sexual abuse because there is not a stable foundation of knowledge about the paths that lead to abuse and the abusers themselves. According to Jeffrey J. Haugaard, Ph. D. , Department of Human Development New York State College of Human Ecology at Cornell University, â€Å"Federal and state agencies, and private foundations, have funded little basic research in this area – and thus we have no foundation of knowledge on which to support effective sexual abuse prevention,† (Haugaard). In order to design effective prevention efforts for any problem, an understanding of the development of that problem is crucial. We are better at preventing physical abuse of children rather than the sexual abuse of children, because we have a clearer understanding of how physical abuse develops; this is because of the mass research efforts taken to grasp the subject. If state governments expend more money to fund research regarding abusers and their developmental pathways, then there would be a greater chance of gaining the knowledge necessary to make the programs attest their purpose. Haugaard also stated â€Å"We tend to know more about what does not work in the area of preventing child sexual abuse than we know about what does work† (Haugaard). This ties in with the factor of not having a legitimate amount of research to base prevention programs off from, and, therefore, the programs not achieving deterrence and lessening sexual violence. Our current awareness and perception of the problems involving sexual violence is not enough to effectively interfere and bring it to a stop, or at least attempt to. Moreover, â€Å"Although sexual abuse prevention training programs are well-intentioned efforts to protect children against a loathsome crime, there is no evidence that they work, or even on the margin that these efforts produce more good than harm,† (Neil Gilbert, Chernin Professor of Social Welfare and co-chairman of the Berkeley Child Welfare Research Center). This meaning that without at secure basis of the basic knowledge of abusers, there is no way of telling if these prevention programs are even working. Our present incompetent education will lead us to false accusations and assumptions until we are able to further investigate and study the mind-set of abusers. Some may argue that child sexual abuse prevention programs are effective in preventing child sexual abuse. One of the more positive characteristics and purposes of CSA prevention programs is that they achieve the idea of educating and publicizing effective skills for children to use when dealing with the confrontation of a possible sexual abuser. These components include abuse-specific information, skill-practice activities, parent involvement, and multiple sessions in which children learn skills and have concepts reinforced. The most important skill learned is knowing how to say â€Å"NO! † David Finkelhor, a renowned Professor of Sociology at the University of New Hampshire, organized and performed many studies in relation to child sexual abuse. As stated by Joseph Dake, James Price, and Judy Murnan, in their evaluation of a child abuse prevention curriculum â€Å"Finkelhor conducted a national survey of 2,000 youth aged 10 to 16. They found that children receiving more extensive school-based prevention programs were more knowledgeable about abuse, more likely to report self-protective strategies when threatened, more likely to tell someone after an attempted victimization, and less likely to blame themselves for the abuse. † This means that the prevention programs that children partake in allow them to gain more confidence and feel more conversant when faced with sexual abuse. There is enough data to support the idea that these programs do provide many students with a more confidence and skills to use in a dangerous situation. However, abusers are still out in society, and while education is worthwhile and important, we need to make it physically safer for everyone by providing longer prison terms and more austere consequences for offenders. We want our children safe and hoping they will learn the skills to deal with dangerous criminals is not enough, we need to make it safer for them. An unfortunate example of this can be made with Larry Don McQuay, a habitual and lifelong sexual predator from Texas. In 1995, he confessed to getting away with molesting over 240 children before he was caught for molesting just one boy. The case of Larry Don McQuay seems to epitomize society's continuing inability to deal with those who have incorrigible and unspeakable appetites for children. One obvious permanent solution–capital punishment–is strictly reserved for murder and is likely to remain so. The public remains divided over the merits of the death penalty, child sexual abuse cases are difficult to prove beyond all question of doubt, and most sex offenders are members of or known to the victim's family, making the latter unlikely to call for a death sentence. As a result, there is a push to sentence child molesters to life in prison without parole or place them in secure mental institutions until they are judged not to be a danger to society. In the meantime, however, many offenders receive probation or short prison sentences, and thousands are released from jail and back into society each year. â€Å"(Wetzstein) Releasing predators back into society can increase a child's susceptibility of being abused and scarred for the rest of their life. If the penalties for child sexual violence become more severe, many offenders will be kept away from society for a longer period of time, or even eternity. This is important, because it would create a safer environment for the children and the general public to live in as a whole. Sexual violence encounters and happenings would reduce in number with fewer perpetrators out to cause harm. Education programs, however, are incapable of keeping predators out of society and children out of harms way. With the many forms of unwanted lascivious gestures and exploitation, and the unremitting chance of a child being assaulted, prevention programs are incapable of thwarting, or even minimizing the amount of sexual violence that is imposed on kids. Without a steady understanding of the offenders and their acts of maltreatment, we will not be able to help rid the world of these psychopaths and make the world more protected and secure for our children. â€Å"The sexual abuse and exploitation of children is one of the most vicious crimes conceivable, a violation of mankind's most basic duty to protect the innocent† (James T. Walsh). Society, therefore, must put forth an effort to delve into studying all aspects of the subject, and help protect children from the perpetrators of these vile crimes by strengthening notification requirements for sex offenders and increasing criminal penalties.

Motivating Employee Motivation For The Success Of An...

An important factor that contributes to the success of an organization is employee motivation. Organizational size complexity, competition due to globalization, advancement in information technology has led managers to try to figure out ways to motivate employees to get the most out of them to stay competitive. Motivating employees is a challenging task as organization must deal with the diverse work force. Employees change their jobs frequently when employers don’t meet certain expectations. This dynamic nature of needs and expectation poses challenge to motivate employee in the organization. Frederick Herzberg in his article details the gap between the knowledge and speculation about what motivates employees. Herzberg discusses†¦show more content†¦Myths about Motivation Herzberg confronts KITA practices that were developed to instill motivation. He often referred to hygiene factors as KITA factors, which is an acronym for kick in the ass, the process of providing incentives or threat of punishment to make someone do something. 1. Reducing time spent at work - The idea here is to motivate people to work less so people can be more productive and have a better quality of life. The truth is that motivated people seek more hours, not less. 2. Spiraling Wages - Spiraling wages motivate people to seek the next wage increase. If rising wages won’t motivate, reducing them might. 3. Fringe Benefits - These benefits have gone from rewards to rights. The cost of fringe benefits is approximately 25% of the wage dollar. People are spending less time working expecting more security and money. Fringe benefits do not motivate. 4. Human Relations Training - More than 30 years of teaching and training and the question is still the same: How do you motivate employees? 5. Sensitivity Training - Because of the failure of Human Relations Training, sensitivity training was developed. Many employees were forced to get to know themselves better and no motivation was garnered. 6. Communications - This was the next management training program to instill motivation. The idea was to let employees understand what management was trying to do for them. But communication didn’t lead to motivation, it only lead toShow MoreRelatedImportance of Motivation in the Workplace1640 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Employee motivation remains a key issue for the attainment of organizational outcomes. The contemporary organizations seem well versed with the reality of the fact that a motivated workforce is indeed the most critical aspect of the strategic success of the organization. The theories of motivation are the stout pillars that influx the real essence of a functional performance management system in an organization. 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