The Friday That Changed My Life - 970 Words

The Monday that Changed My Life That Monday I found my dream! It was an unforgettable day during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. Before that Monday, I had some vague idea of a career in health promotion. Then I met Lal, a Bhutanese refugee who had spent almost 20 years in the refugee camps of Nepal. That Monday, the vague idea blossomed into a firm desire to advocate for vulnerable populations such as refugees, displaced persons, victims of human trafficking, and more. Individuals such as Lal should not get lost in the chaos of conflict, or stymied by systemic barriers everywhere, including their place of safety. When I sat down with Lal in my cubicle in the darkest corner of the office, little did I know that I was about to begin one of the most emotionally intense and empowering conversations of my career. Lal was my first refugee client at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), a humanitarian aid organization that re settles refugees in the U.S., where I had started my internship in Public Health. My role as a Public Health Intern was to support and assist refugees in navigating the intricacies of healthcare and other social services as they walked their road to self-sufficiency and assimilation into a new culture. It was Monday, and the Health Team had walk-in hours for individuals who needed assistance. I introduced myself to Lal with my biggest smile and greeting in Nepali: Namaste. As nervous asShow MoreRelatedThe Friday That Changed My Life908 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life That Monday I had found my dream! It was during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. I want to advocate for vulnerable populations such as refugees, displaced individuals, victims of human trafficking, and more, so that individuals such as Lal do not get lost in the chaos of conflict, or systematic barriers. When I sat down with Lal in my cubicle in the darker corner of the office, little did I know that itRead MoreThe Friday That Changed My Life999 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed My Life It was an unforgettable day during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. Although I had a vague idea of a career in health promotion, meeting Lal, my first refugee client at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), a humanitarian aid organization, blossomed my idea into a firm desire to become a public health advocate. I saw an opportunity to improve health equity by addressing the barriers that cause healthRead MoreThe Friday That Changed My Life982 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life When I sat down with Lal in my cubicle chair in the darkest corner of the office, little did I know that it was going to be one of my very first emotionally intense and empowering conversations of my career. Lal was my first refugee client at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), a humanitarian aid organization that resettles refugees, where I had started my internship in Public Health. My role as a Public Health Intern was to support and assist refugees to navigateRead MoreThe Friday That Changed My Life976 Words   |  4 PagesThe Monday that Changed my Life That Monday I found my dream! It was the unforgettable day during my internship when I realized that Public Health was not just my interest, but my calling. Before that Monday, I had some vague idea of a career in health promotion. Then I met Lal, a Bhutanese refugee who had spent almost 20 years in the refugee camps of Nepal. That Monday, my vague idea blossomed into a firm desire to advocate for vulnerable populations such as refugees, displaced persons, victimsRead MoreShould Baseball And Golf Be A Small Child?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I participated in throughout my whole life, nothing can compare to the brotherhood and bond that football brought to me. I played football as a small child. I enjoyed the short games and practices because I was able to goof off with my friends. I also began playing football during my sophomore year of high school but quit rather quickly. At this point in time baseball still had my heart and triumphed over football in every way possible. It wa s not until my senior year at Thomasville High SchoolRead MoreAnalysis Of Robinson Crusoe s Robinson 1412 Words   |  6 Pagesas being eaten signifies death. He builds from his shelter a fort. To keep him protected from the cannibals. 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After examining the drastic differencesRead MoreHamlets Blackberry : Building A Good Life1129 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 3 In the New York Times Bestselling book, â€Å"hamlet’s Blackberry: Building a Good Life in the Digital Age, The author William Powers discusses the good and bad aspects of technology. In Chapter 9, Inventing Your Life, Powers discusses ways to wean yourself off the dependency we all have on technology. One of the ideas for improving digital life that seemed like t would work was â€Å"no-email Fridays.† No-email Fridays seemed so interesting because it is so simple and such a great concept. This was workingRead MoreWishful Thinking Meets Reality : Rhetorical Analysis964 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis Everyone can relate to a time in their life when they desired a â€Å"picture-perfect† life with lots of friends and all the material things they could wish for themselves. However, they realize that maybe the â€Å"picture-perfect† life isn’t what they expected once it becomes reality. In the films Freaky Friday and 13 Going on 30, the audience follows the lives of the protagonists as they face their wishes to have a â€Å"better life†. Throughout the essay, we will examine the audiencesRead MoreThe Journey of Robinson Crusoe 1213 Words   |  5 PagesRobinson Crusoe, famous adventure novel, portrays the eventful life of main protagonist Robinson Crusoe. Author, Daniel Defoe depicts his diverse set of characters with purpose in Robinson Crusoe. Crusoe narrates his journey, and how he established himself with wealth. Crusoe, the youngest son of a merchant, knew he must acquire his own wealth in order to full-fill his Englishman desires. His father encourages him to study law, but Crusoe wishes to go out to the sea. His father is against Crusoe’s

Fashion by Anna Mowatt - 1089 Words

In the 19th century play, FASHION, Anna Mowatt develops the character plot as a contrast and comparison between being â€Å"natural† and â€Å"artificial in a world becoming preoccupied with fashion, and being fashionable. In the head notes, it was stated that Daniel Havens said FASHION is â€Å"the ugly image of the American Dream gone sour.† (Watt and Richardson) Fashion has a complex definition. The word ‘fashion’ can mean anything from the type of clothes you wear, how you communicate with others, the place you live, how you present yourself, or who you associate yourself with. In FASHION, Mowatt took a comical yet sober look at the definitions of â€Å"fashion,† applied it to real life in 1845, and through her characters, provides a mirror with which an†¦show more content†¦In a present day version of FASHION, Zeke could easily be portrayed as a friend who often visits the Tiffany’s. Alternatively, he could also be an employee of theirs as a handyman, or plumber, etc. This would provide a current day perspective of the poorer economic class of Zeke’s character. Moral Character – Living in the country or the city?: There are certainly differences of opinion whether it is better to live in the City or in the Country. In FASHION, it was very evident that Mowatt’s character, ‘Trueman’ was an advocate proclaiming that living in the country keeps the morals and values of America pure and untainted. Near the end of the play, Trueman tells Mr. Tiffany, â€Å"You must sell your house and all these gew gaws, and bundle your wife and daughter off to the country. There let them learn economy, true independence, and home virtues, instead of foreign follies.† In the case of Mrs. Tiffany and Seraphina, this antidote was truly what they needed. This does not make it true for everyone. I am sure many feel this way about city life vs. country life today. However, there are pros and cons to both; neither life guarantees economy, independence virtue, honor, or a happier existence. Therefore, I do not believe there is a clear cut solution to whether one life is more coveted than the other. Some believe that living in the country is better because you are not exposed to the â€Å"fast† life that city dwelling has to offer. Many believe country life has lessShow MoreRelatedEssay about How Anna Cora Mowatt Fashioned Her Fashion714 Words   |  3 Pages Ms. Anna Cora Mowatt is an inspiring theatrical and historical figure. She fell in love with the theatre at a young age and exhibited a talent for acting. Moreover, Mowatt’s fame flourished due to her play and literature publications, not just from than from her acting abilities. Anna Cora Ogden was born on March 5, 1819 in Bordeaux, France to American parents. She and her family moved to New York City when she was seven years old. Anna married James Mowatt, a lawyer who was several years her senior

Medication Management-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Identifies Strategies to overcome Challenges in regard to Safe Medication Management. Answer: Medication management can be defined, as a patient specific care to optimize effective, safe and suitable drug therapy. A patient is provided with care, with the collaborative action of a multidisciplinary team. Registered nurses (RNs) are one of the important members of the multidisciplinary team that influence a safer management of medications. As a new graduate nurse I have received elementary knowledge about medication management through our entire nursing program, yet I have faced with several new challenges while making a transition from the university ambience to a clinical setting (Cheragi et al., 2013). As a nurse I should be able to apply my knowledge about the patient and the medications. The process of nursing is not a very linear process. A continuous assessment is being done at all the stages of the medication management (Mirbahaet al., 2015). Newly graduate nurses are inexperienced; hence, it can be difficult for them to monitor the medication protocol of a patient. Apart from the types of drugs that have to be delivered, the correct method of drug administration also plays a pivotal role in patient's safety. Nurses play a very significant responsibility in the prevention of the medication errors. Most of the time, this is caused due to the clinical personnel failing to do his duty correctly (Cheragi et al., 2013). Some of the common medication errors that can, be caused by the registered nurses are omissions, administering wrong drugs or wrong dosage of drugs, improper methods of delivery and wrong prescriptions. It has to be noted that the work load, the responsibilities in a proper clinical setting is far more than the student workload, exams, and placements, which can be some of the main causes of medication errors (Keers et al., 2013). Newly graduated nurses are encountered with problems like lack of pharmacological information, lack of monitoring of the pre- administered drugs. I have come across one of my peers, who forgot to find out his tory of the adverse drug reaction in a concerned patient. When a nurse is undergoing training, the last thing that they are concerned is about the documentations. there are few things that has to be kept in mind while charting for a patient- Proper documentation of the drug administration and the doses, records of any discontinued medications, records about drug allergy (Campbell et al., 2012)(if any). I have grown and have developed skills through my personal experience placement so that I can think, collect and foster a safe medication management. The correct procedures of safe medication administration involve maintenance of an electronic medical record. In my nursing course I have learned that liquid medications are measured by standard measuring containers. Notably, while splitting the tablets, it should be ensured that the medications are scored by the manufacturer and the medication is splitted evenly. According to Campbell et al., (2012), it is important to carry out the some assessments before the application of certain medications. I have learnt that it is necessary to monitor the heart rate before the administration of antidysrhythmic medications. The duty of a nurse does not end with this. It is necessary to monitor the response of the patients to the medications, especially when we are applying the medications for the first time. In my learning career I have also learn ed about the importance of recording the site of injections. For high alert medications, it is essential to double check the doses. The Australian commission on safety and quality in health care (ACSQH) has developed medical charts in order to standardize the medication management and increase medication safety. There are separate medication charts for the paedriatics, aged care and more. I have always tried to keep an eye on these charts in order to develop my pharmacological skills. The NSQHS safety standard 4 for the medication errors in nursing ensures that the nurses safely administer medications to the patients. In order to meet the standard, the frame work proposes that it is essential to document the medication allergies and previous anaphylactic reactions (Flanigan, 2016). I have faced problems related to the administration of the intravenous medicines. In accordance with my problem I would like to share that Ohasi et al., (2014) have proposed that Intravenous application of medications involve a lot of complexities and preparations. The reports by Campbell et al., (2012), shows severe patient harm related to intravenous medications. It was found that most of the intravenous errors are due to the wrong intravenous rates, wrong volume and mixtures and drug incompatibility, previously I faced challenges in the preparation of the intravenous medications. Later on I have learned to check the medication standards provided in the Australian Injectable drugs handbook (AIDH). I should mention that the problems I encountered regarding the IV, during my learning career were much different from those in the actual clinical setting. In order to ensure a safe management of medications, a nurse should undergo extensive research to practice evidence based practice and should have an avid knowledge of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics (Kim Bates, 2013). From the problems, I have realized that it is very important for a nurse to have a foundational knowledge regarding human growth and development, physiology, human anatomy, nutrition and more. Surprisingly, the mathematical skills will probably help one out in the dosage calculations (Ohasi et al., 2014). According to the NMBA standard of nursing, nurses should indulge in critical thinking and clinical judgment while planning the drug dosage (Flanigan, 2016). Another thing that most of the new nurses are encountered with the catheter related medication errors (Kim Bates, 2013). Most of the errors that are caused by nursing students are related to intravenous tubing. Like any other fresh students, I am faced with problems related to the catheter tubes. Reports related to tube catheter misconnection involve a number of devices, such as peripheral intravenous, central venous, peritoneal dialysis). According to Alsulami et al.,(2012), a nurse should be able to support and advocate patient education regarding the adherence to medication regime. I have tried my best to have a transparent knowledge regarding pathophysiology and pharmacology, so that I am able to deliver a proper instructions and knowledge to the patient. One of the important aspects of becoming a successful nurse is self regulation. Medication error can arise due to improper documentation and reporting of the health care errors. Verbal, written or other forms of communication for recording the near misses are one of the crucial initiatives from the side of nurses. I have gained efficiency in preparing ISBAR, clinical handovers. Clinical handover plays a major role in error prevention (Simonsen et al., 2014). A proper clinical handover are intended as the handing over of responsibilities from one health care professional to the other. It helps in mitigating the medication related errors. It helps the person in the next shift to get an overall idea of the patient history and the undergoing medications. In my degree course I have gained knowledge regarding the medication reconciliation of each and every patient. As stated by Haw et al., (2014), medication reconciliation consists of three steps: - First is verification. I have always learned to verify the medication history of the patients, including the current medications, herbal or alternative therapies and more. It is important to get it clarified from the physician charge that all the doses are correct (Simonsen et al., 2014). The RN investigates, disseminate and document any further changes. As a freshly graduate nursing student I may make medication errors, but I should not deter to inform the higher authority regarding my mistake, as we know that medication error can be as lethal as death (Alsulami et al., 2012). An RN should be able to work together with the families, patients and the care providers for ensuring comprehensive and accurate medications. It is required that all the medications of a particular patient are reviewed in order to ensure that appropriate medications are added, changed or stopped (Parry et al., 2015). It is not that everyone should apply for a transition to practice, however they can motivate a nurse to strive more in his professional practice. It is important for ensuring a consistent, transparent and equitable process for the management of transition to practice nurses. This transition to practice can be done in any clinical setting .It helps a nurse to develop her inter professional skills. I am well aware of the fact that medication error may lead to adverse drug reactions, which can bring about life threatening conditions in patients. Since, a collaborative care is not possible as long as I do not make any interaction with the other members of the collaborative team, it is better that I consult with my peer and my senior nurses in case of complicated situations. I should be able to work with the health care agencies for identifying the individual risk factors and implement a proactive measure for decreasing the medication errors Each of these challenges is problematic for a newly graduate nurse. Proper help and guidance from the senior nurses and the peers can help the new nurses for a successful transition in to a new working environment. In conclusion it can be said as a graduate nurse, I can manage the medication challenges by practicing evidence based research work against pharmacology, proper assessment of the patient history and the current conditions, including the vital signs. Other things that I should keep in mind are proper clinical handovers, documentation, using technologies for monitoring and documentation. The nursing frameworks will also help me to overcome my fears. References Alsulami, Z., Choonara, I., Conroy, S. (2014). Paediatric nurses adherence to the double checking process during medication administration in a children's hospital: an observational study. Journal of advanced Nursing, 70(6), 1404-1413. Campbell, R. L., Bellolio, M. F., Knutson, B. D., Bellamkonda, V. R., Fedko, M. G., Nestler, D. M., Hess, E. P. (2015). Epinephrine in anaphylaxis: higher risk of cardiovascular complications and overdose after administration of intravenous bolus epinephrine compared with intramuscular epinephrine. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 3(1), 76-80. Cheragi, M. A., Manoocheri, H., Mohammadnejad, E., Ehsani, S. R. (2013). Types and causes of medication errors from nurse's viewpoint. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 18(3), 228. Flanigan, K. (2016). NSQHS standard-patient identification. ACORN: The Journal of Perioperative Nursing in Australia, 29(1), 23. Haw, C., Stubbs, J., Dickens, G. L. (2014). Barriers to the reporting of medication administration errors and near misses: an interview study of nurses at a psychiatric hospital. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 21(9), 797-805. Keers, R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J., Ashcroft, D. M. (2013). Prevalence and nature of medication administration errors in health care settings: a systematic review of direct observational evidence. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 47(2), 237-256. Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medication administration errors by nurses: adherence to guidelines. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(3-4), 590-598. Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medication administration errors by nurses: adherence to guidelines. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(3-4), 590-598. Mirbaha, F., Shalviri, G., Yazdizadeh, B., Gholami, K., Majdzadeh, R. (2015). Perceived barriers to reporting adverse drug events in hospitals: a qualitative study using theoretical domains framework approach. Implementation Science, 10(1), 110. Ohashi, K., Dalleur, O., Dykes, P. C., Bates, D. W. (2014). Benefits and risks of using smart pumps to reduce medication error rates: a systematic review. Drug safety, 37(12), 1011-1020. Parry, A. M., Barriball, K. L., While, A. E. (2015). Factors contributing to Registered Nurse medication administration error: A narrative review. International journal of nursing studies, 52(1), 403-420. Simonsen, B. O., Daehlin, G. K., Johansson, I., Farup, P. G. (2014). Differences in medication knowledge and risk of errors between graduating nursing students and working registered nurses: comparative study. BMC health services research, 14(1), 580. Weeks, K. W., Hutton, B. M., Young, S., Coben, D., Clochesy, J. M., Pontin, D. (2013). Safety in numbers 2: competency modelling and diagnostic error assessment in medication dosage calculation problem-solving. Nurse education in practice, 13(2), e23-e32.

The Diuretic Activity of Fresh Balloonvine Leaves free essay sample

This study was conducted to know the diuretic activity of the extract of the balloonvine (Cardiospermum halicacabum L. ) leaves. In this study, three groups were used. These includes the positive control group (furosemide 20mg/2ml), experimental group (balloonvine leaves extract), and the control group (water treated). The fresh leaves of balloonvine were extracted by pounding the leaves and then squeezed using a clean cloth. The mice were also weighed to determine the allowable dosage according to its weight. After the preparation of the groups, 3 trials were conducted. In the first trial, furosemide (positive control) has the most volume of urine, followed by the balloonvine leaves extract (experimental group) and the control group, which is the water treated has the least volume of urine. The next two trials have the same results as of trial 1. This means that furosemide is still the best diuretic drug but balloonvine leaves extract can also be used as a substitute since it has excreted more volume of urine than of the water treated group (control group) but not as good as the furosemide do. We will write a custom essay sample on The Diuretic Activity of Fresh Balloonvine Leaves or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The researchers recommend further studies using other parts of the plant and using higher concentration to prove whether balloonvine can be more effective if used in higher dosage and to have more investigation of the plant. Acknowledgment The researchers would like to express their sincere gratitude to those who helped them finished this project. Their parents for the financial support, moral support and understanding. They contributed a lot to finish this project. Mrs. Sharon Meriales for the advices and the help se extended to the group. The Jhing2 printing press for the printing and discounts. In this natural world, lots of efforts were made by the people to achieve a better quality of life and for man’s survival. A lot of people were making alternatives and medicine for the health of the mankind. Plants are commonly used by people to cure many diseases for many years. Nowadays, medicines are very expensive and because of that, the less fortunate ones cannot afford to buy some. Because of that, they can use herbal medicines as an alternative drug. God provided many herbal plants all over the world and Philippines is of no exception. As a matter of fact, Philippines is blessed with many plants that can be use as a treatment for many diseases. Cardiospermum halicabum linn. of family Sapindaceae is also known as balloonvine, heartpea, Love-in-a Puff, Parol-parolan, Lobo-lobohan, Maria-maria, Otot-otot and etc. Balloonvine is found throughout the Philippines in waste places, roadsides, fields and other grassy areas. It is a more or less hairy vine, one to three meters in length. The leaves are trifoliate and five to nine centimeters long. The flowers are small, white and about 2. 5 millimeters long. They contain round black seeds, each with a white heart-shaped spot at the base, hence the name Cardiospemum, cardio for the heart and spermum for seed. Balloonvine, is a woody vine native to Tropical America. The small white flowers bloom from summer through the fall. Flowers are not very showy. The fruit of this plant can also be eaten when it is already yellow orange in color. (http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml) The ballonvine plant yields saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, apigenin, phytosterols, glycosides, and cardiac glycosides. There are health benefits from balloonvine. It is considered antiphlogistic, analgesic, anti-inflammator, anti-infectious, emetic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, laxative, stomachic and sudorific. Since the plant has many uses, the researchers come up with the idea to test the diuretic activity of the extract of the balloonvine leaves as a substitute to synthetic diuretic drugs. As what have the group discussed that this study may give us more knowledge on this certain balloonvine plant. Statement of the Problem The study was conducted to test the diuretic ability of balloonvine leaves. Distinctively, it addressed to the following questions: 1. What is the amount of the collected urine among the different set-up? a. Experimental group b. Positive control group c. Negative control group 2. Is there any significant difference in the efficiency of balloonvine to the commercialize (i. e. furosemide) products as a diuretic drug? 3. Objectives 1. To test whether the balloonvine leaves can really act as a diuretic drug. 2. To know if there is any significant difference in the efficiency of balloonvine to the commercialize products as a diuretic drug. This study dealt with the diuretic activity of the balloonvine leaves extract. It refers to the hypothesis: HO1: There is no significant difference on the effectiveness of the commercial drug and the fresh balloonvine leaves extract. Significance of the Study: This study generally aims to contribute to the popularization of plants as sources of remedies for man and animals. Nowadays, time seems to move faster, the economy are soaring high thus the drugs are becoming more expensive. Hence, the unfortunate ones can use herbal plant like balloonvine as a substitute to synthetic diuretic drugs. Balloonvine is accessible to all since it grows commonly in roadsides. Using this plant, we could also create herbal products that could help individuals in their illness without buying expensive medicines. Scope and Limitations This study was limited only to the determination of the diuretic activity of the fresh balloonvine leaves extract. The positive control used was commercial drug (furosemide) and the negative control was the mice that were just treated with water. Chapter II Review of Related Literature Balloonvine Cardiospermum halicacabum linn or balloonvine are fast growing to 10 feet (3 m) with twice 3-parted leaves that will reach 4 inches (10 cm) long. The plants climb with tendrils and need some form of support. The fruit from which the plant gets its common name is a brown, thin-shelled, inflated angled capsule up to 1 1/8 inch (3 cm) in diameter containing 3 black seeds each, with a white heart-shaped scar. (http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml). Balloonvine,  also called Heart-pea, or Heart-seed, (species Cardiospermum halicacabum), woody perennial vine in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae). It is naturalized and cultivated widely as an ornamental for its white flowers and its nearly globular inflated fruits, which are about 2. 5 cm (1 inch) across. The seeds are black with a heart-shaped white spot. (http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/50726/balloon-vine). This vine is densely growing and can climb up to 8 m high in the canopy. The main mode of climbing is via extensive tendrils, which twirl around supporting structure and other plants. (http://www. dpi. qld. gov. au/4790_7120. htm) The balloonvine has a light green leaves are compound with three sets of three leaflets which are thin and softly hairy. http://www. plantoftheweek. org/week256. shtml) The flowers are produced from summer to winter. The capsules can be carried by wind and float freely on water. It also regrows from root fragments. It grows rapidly on top of trees, forms a thick curtain of stems, and excludes light, harbors pests and diseases. The weight of balloonvine contributes to canopy collapse and ecosystem destruction. (http:www. weedsbluemountains. org. au/balloon_vine. asp) . The oil of this plant is also used in creams and soap. It is an active ingredient in creams, lotion and soap. It is also used as a cure for dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis. A decoction of roots of balloonvine is regarded as diaphoretic. It is also indicated that balloonvine contains: saponin, tannin, calcium oxalate in leaves and tannins, calcium oxalate and sulfur in stem. (http:www. suite101. com/content/cardiospermum-halicacabum-a187594). The plant also contains chemicals that can be used as laxative, emmenagogue, analgesic and many more. It also contains saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, apigenin and phytosterols. It may contain chemicals that can be used as a diuretic. http:www. weedsbluemountains. org. au/balloon_vine. asp) The medical uses of the plant are widely used in Thailand. Its Thai name is Khok Kra Om. The leaf is antiasthmatic. Leaf juice can be a cough remedy. Its stem is antipyretic. The Flower or leaf juice of this plant increases menstrual discharge. The whole plant is antiasthmatic; treatment of arthritis Balloon vines leaf extract possesses hypotensive and anti-inflammatory properties.

DEFINITION of Foreign Exchange Market Essays - Free Essays

DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' Essays - Free Essays DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' DEFINITION of 'Foreign Exchange Market' The market in which participants are able to buy, sell, exchange and speculate on currencies. Foreign exchange markets are made up of banks, commercial companies, central banks, investment management firms, hedge funds, and retail forex brokers and investors. The forex market is considered to be the largest financial market in the world. The foreign exchange market assists international trade and investments by enabling currency conversion. For example, it permits a business in the United States to import goods from the European Union member states, especially Eurozone members, and pay Euros, even though its income is in United States dollars. It also supports direct speculation and evaluation relative to the value of currencies, and the carry trade, speculation based on the interest rate differential between two currencies.[3] In a typical foreign exchange transaction, a party purchases some quantity of one currency by paying for some quantity of another currency. The modern foreign exchange market began forming during the 1970s after three decades of government restrictions on foreign exchange transactions (the Bretton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the world's major industrial states after World War II), when countries gradually switched to floating exchange rates from the previous exchange rate regime, which remained fixed as per the Bretton Woods system. The foreign exchange market is unique because of the following characteristics: its huge trading volume representing the largest asset class in the world leading to high liquidity; its geographical dispersion; its continuous operation: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e., trading from 22:00 GMT on Sunday (Sydney) until 22:00 GMT Friday (New York); the variety of factors that affect exchange rates; the low margins of relative profit compared with other markets of fixed income; and the use of leverage to enhance profit and loss margins and with respect to account size.Advantages The forex market is extremely liquid, hence its rapidly growing popularity. Currencies may be converted when bought or sold without causing too much movement in the price and keeping losses to a minimum. As there is no central bank, trading can take place anywhere in the world and operates on a 24-hour basis apart from weekends. An investor needs only small amounts of capital compared with other investments. Forex trading is outstanding in this regard. It is an unregulated market, meaning that there is no trade commission overseeing transactions and there are no restrictions on trade. In common with futures, forex is traded using a good faith deposit rather than a loan. The interest rate spread is an attractive advantage. Back to top Disadvantages The major risk is that one counterparty fails to deliver the currency involved in a very large transaction. In theory at least, such a failure could bring ruin to the forex market as a whole. Investors need a lot of capital to make good profits because the profit margins on small-scale trades are very low.Functions of the Foreign Exchange Market: The foreign exchange market performs the following important functions: (i) to effect transfer of purchasing power between countries- transfer function; (ii) to provide credit for foreign trade - credit function; and (iii) to furnish facilities for hedging foreign exchange risks - hedging function.Like any other market, foreign exchange market is a system, not a place. The transactions in this market are not confined to only one or few foreign currencies. In fact, there are a large number of foreign currencies which are traded, converted and exchanged in the foreign exchange market. Functions of Foreign Exchange Market: Foreign exchange market performs the following three functions: 1. Transfer Function: It transfers purchasing power between the countries involved in the transaction. This function is performed through credit instruments like bills of foreign exchange, bank drafts and telephonic transfers. 2. Credit Function: It provides credit for foreign trade. Bills of exchange, with maturity period of three months, are generally used for international payments. Credit is required for this period in order to enable the importer to take possession of goods, sell them and obtain money to pay off the bill. 3. Hedging Function: When exporters and importers enter into an agreement to sell and buy goods on some future date at the current prices and exchange rate, it is called hedging. The purpose of hedging is to avoid losses that might be caused due to exchange

Design innovation in pakistan textile Literature review

Design innovation in pakistan textile - Literature review Example The university is committed to interdisciplinary and modern teaching. Its dedication towards diversity is essential an environment where learners, teachers, faculty in addition to other shareholders are exposed to manifold opportunities for personal, intellectual and professional growth. This university which is located in Quetta enrolls 1000 in a single semester. It received its charter on 18th July 2002 and is intended to be one of the best educators in Systems and Management attracting students from across the nation. It is currently offering bachelor and master degrees in Business Administration, Computer Science and Engineering as well as post-graduate diploma in Computer Science. Hajvery University (HU) is a government University whose motto is unveiling the veiled. It is a recognized institute of higher education started in Lahore Pakistan and is licensed by the Pakistan government as an Autonomous Degree awarding Institute. The institute has further started an addition of three campuses in Pakistan and the fourth one is under way in Dubai. It is recognized across the world through associations letting learners and staffs have the advantage of replacing agreements with more than 35 universities. The university enrolls 3,000-3,999 per year and has an exceptional employment records in Pakistan. Beaconhouse National University seeks to offer learners with an immense selection of course and degrees to select from, as per their career interests and personality character. Additionally, it offers broad-based learning whereby learners are exposed to different subject so that to get a better professional understanding of world, therefore preparing student for life opportunities as well as challenges. BNU is a government chartered university having been established in 2003 for bringing education with contemporary, rational,

Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Violence - Essay Example The humans tend to fall in line with overall societal and normative outlook of the society so that they should not appear aliens to the local setup. The individual behaviors remain dependent on others from the beginning. The children are known to be dependent on their parents for fulfillment of their needs and wants. The interdependencies of a society often tend individuals to mold their personal behaviors according to the cultural norms of the community (Butler pp. 17). The community is primarily responsible for providing for the fundamental necessities of life. The societies are famous for exhibiting ruthless and inhumane behaviors towards those who do not conform to the acceptable cultural practices and therefore, they are often denied basic human rights. The human life is always under the profound influence and spell of the society and because of this reason, nobody does not have the full capacity and power to act alone. The sexual life of an individual is considered a very priva te matter of the person but they are informally regulated by the masses. The social constructivism theory states that individuals always observe the collective behavior of the society and attempt to embrace its norms and values. ... The human civilization is made up of communal relations and therefore, the individuals have to demonstrate conformation with societal norms in order to appear legitimate members of the certain community. However, the philosophical minorities initially gather their supporters to form institutions and once these centers are formalized then the followers of the neglected philosophy have the option to practice their beliefs in a controlled environment. The gay and lesbian communities formed centers where people can follow their sexual orientation in an isolated environment. The attempts are being made in order to promote gay and lesbian relations. But, the struggles are not proving to be fruitful in terms of attaining the goals in a short term perspective. The changes will take significantly long period of time in order to become an accepted practice in the culture of developed nations. The cultural norms are considered as the most notable obstacle and hindrance in the way of profound cu ltural acceptability of gay and lesbian relationships. The contemporary marital bonds evolved as people got more and more dissatisfied with conventional marriages. The intra-sex relations were falling apart and both the genders argued that their partners did not understand and respond to their deep seated needs and wants. The intersex relations then became popular because members of the same gender knew the art of pleasing their partners. The growing demand of sex toys is an evident proof that homosexuality is growing in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, it is very much imperative to note that lesbians and gays are famous for acting normal in the public so that they should not end up alienated in the society (Butler pp.20). They are however, famous for seeking their ideal